It first appeared in the United
States at the principal ports of Boston, Philadelphia, and
Charleston, in 1693, and in 1699 it reappeared in Philadelphia
and Charleston, and since that time many invasions have occurred,
chiefly in the Southern States.
The epidemic of 1793 in Philadelphia, so graphically described by
Matthew Carey, was, according to Osler, the most serious that has
ever prevailed in any city of the Middle States. Although the
population of the city was only 40,000, during the months of
August, September, October, and November the mortality, as given
by Carey, was 4041, of whom 3435 died in the months of September
and October. During the following ten years epidemics of a lesser
degree occurred along the coast of the United States, and in 1853
the disease raged throughout the Southern States, there being a
mortality in New Orleans alone of nearly 8000. In the epidemic of
1878 in the Southern States the mortality was nearly 16,000.
South America was invaded for the first time in 1740, and since
1849 the disease has been endemic in Brazil. Peru and the
Argentine Republic have also received severe visitations of
yellow fever since 1854. In Cuba the disease is epidemic during
June, July, and August, and it appears with such certainty that
the Revolutionists at the present time count more on the agency
of yellow fever in the destruction of the unacclimated Spanish
soldiers than on their own efforts.
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