According to Moore, at the beginning of the
eighteenth century nearly one-fourteenth of the population died
from small-pox in England, and at the end of the century the
number of the victims had increased to one-tenth. In the last
century the statement was made in England that one person in
every three was badly pock-marked. The mortality of the disease
at the latter half of the eighteenth century was about three to
every thousand inhabitants annually. India has always been a
fertile ground for the development of small-pox, and according to
Rohe the mortality from small-pox has been exceedingly great for
the past twenty years. From 1866 to 1869, 140,000 persons died in
the Presidencies of Bombay and Calcutta, and several years later,
from 1873 to 1876, 700,000 died from this disease. China, Japan,
and the neighboring countries are frequently visited with
small-pox, and nearly all the inhabitants of Corea are said to
bear evidences of the disease. In the Marquesas Islands
one-fourth of the inhabitants had fallen victims to the disease
since 1863. It was first introduced into the Sandwich Islands in
1853, and it then carried off eight per cent of the natives.
Australia, Tasmania, New Zealand, and the Fiji Archipelago have
to the present day remained exempt from small-pox; although it
has been carried to Australia in vessels, rigorous quarantine
methods have promptly checked it.
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