Some or all of the
muscles may be absent or two or more may be amalgamated, with
anomalies of insertion, false, double, or degenerated, etc.
The influence of heredity in the causation of congenital defects
of the eye is strikingly illustrated by De Beck. In three
generations twelve members of one family had either coloboma
iridis or irideremia. He performed two operations for the cure of
cataract in two brothers. The operations were attended with
difficulty in all four eyes and followed by cyclitis. The result
was good in one eye of each patient, the eye most recently blind.
Posey had a case of coloboma in the macular region in a patient
who had a supernumerary tooth. He believes the defects were
inherited, as the patient's mother also had a supernumerary
tooth.
Nunnely reports cases of congenital malformation in three
children of one family. The globes of two of them (a boy and a
girl) were smaller than natural, and in the boy in addition were
flattened by the action of the recti muscles and were soft; the
sclera were very vascular and the cornea, conical, the irides
dull, thin, and tremulous; the pupils were not in the axis of
vision, but were to the nasal side. The elder sister had the same
congenital condition, but to a lesser degree.
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