Classification.--We shall attempt no scientific discussion of the
causation or embryologic derivation of the monster, contenting
ourselves with simple history and description, adding any
associate facts of interest that may be suggested. For further
information, the reader is referred to the authors cited or to
any of the standard treatises on teratology.
Many classifications of terata have been offered, and each
possesses some advantage. The modern reader is referred to the
modification of the grouping of Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire given by
Hirst and Piersol, or those of Blanc and Guinard. For
convenience, we have adopted the following classification, which
will include only those monsters that have LIVED AFTER BIRTH, and
who have attracted general notice or attained some fame in their
time, as attested by accounts in contemporary literature.
CLASS 1.--Union of several fetuses. CLASS 2.--Union of two
distinct fetuses by a connecting band. CLASS 3.--Union of two
distinct fetuses by an osseous junction of the cranial bones.
CLASS 4.--Union of two distinct fetuses in which one or more
parts are eliminated by the junction. CLASS 5.--Fusion of two
fetuses by a bony union of the ischii.
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