The Mohammedan legend is somewhat
similar. It relates how Satan on the like occasion used the
blood of a peacock, of an ape, of a lion, and of a pig, and it
deduces from the abuse of the vine the curse that fell on the
children of Ham, and ascribes the color of the purple grape to
the dark hue which thenceforth tinctured all the fruit of their
land as well as their own complexions.
At thirteen years of age, a boy becomes bound to observe the (613)
precepts of the law.
_Avoth_, chap. 5.
Rabbi Ishmael says the law is to be expounded according to thirteen
logical rules.
_Chullin_, fol. 63, col. 1.
The thirteen rules of Rabbi Ishmael above referred to are not to
be found together in any part of the Talmud, but they are
collected for repetition in the Liturgy, and are as follows:--
1. Inference is valid from minor to major.
2. From similar phraseology.
3. From the gist or main point of one text to that of other
passages.
4. Of general and particular.
5. Of particular and general.
6. From a general, or a particular and a general, the ruling
both of the former and the latter is to be according to the
middle term, i.e., the one which is particularized.
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