IV. Sections 75, 76; D. 9. 4. 2, Section 1. "Si
servus furtum faxit noxiam ve noxit." XII Tab., XII.2. Cf.
Just. Inst. 4.8, Section 7.
9/1 D. 39. 2. 7, Sections 1, 2; Gaii Inst. IV. Section 75.
9/2 "Noxa caput sequitur." D. 9. 1. 1, Section 12; Inst. 4.8,
Section 5.
9/3 "Quia desinit dominus esse ubi fera evasit." D. 9. 1. 1,
Section 10; Inst. 4. 9, pr. Compare May v. Burdett, 9 Q.B.101, 113.
10/1 D. 19. 5. 14, Section 3; Plin. Nat. Hist., XVIII. 3.
10/2 "In lege antiqua si servus sciente domino furtum fecit,
vel aliam noxiam commisit, servi nomine actio est noxalis,
nec dominus suo nomine tenetur." D. 9. 4. 2.
10/3 Gaius, Inst. IV. Section 77, says that a noxal action may change
to a direct, and conversely, a direct action to a noxal. If a
paterfamilias commits a tort, and then is adopted or becomes a
slave, a noxal action now lies against his master in place of the
direct one against himself as the wrong-doer. Just. Inst. 4. 8,
Section
5.
11/1 LL. Alfred, c. 13; 1 Tylor, Primitive Culture, Am. ed., p.
285 et seq.; Bain, Mental and Moral Science, Bk. III. ch. 8, p.
261.
11/2 Florus, Epitome, II. 18. Cf. Livy, IX 1, 8, VIII. 39;
Zonaras, VII. 26, ed. Niebuhr, vol. 43, pp. 98, 99.
12/1 Gaii Inst.
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