(2) But we should here remark the difference which exists between
shame and modesty [sense of shame]. (3) Shame is the pain following
the deed whereof we are ashamed. (4) Modesty is the fear or dread
of shame, which restrains a man from committing a base action.
(E31:5) Modesty is usually opposed to shamelessness, but the latter
is not an emotion, as I will duly show; however, the names of the
emotions (as I have remarked already) have regard rather to their
exercise than to their nature.
(E31:6) I have now fulfilled my task of explaining the emotions arising
from pleasure and pain. (7) I therefore proceed to treat of those whic
I refer to desire.
[De.XXXII] Regret is the desire or appetite to possess
something, kept alive by the remembrance
the said thing, and at the same time
constrained by the remembrance of other
things which exclude the existence of it.
Explanation.- (E32:1) When we remember a thing, we are by that very fact,
as I have already said more than once, disposed to contemplate it with
the same emotion as if it were something present; but this disposition
or endeavour, while we are awake, is generally checked by the images of
things which exclude the existence of that which we remember. (2) Thus
when we remember something which affected us with a certain pleasure,
we by that very fact endeavour to regard it with the same emotion of
pleasure as though it were present, but this endeavour is at once checked
by the remembrance of things which exclude the existence of the thing in
question.
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