[De.VII] Hatred is pain [a Sadness], accompanied by the idea
of an external cause.
Explanation.- (E7:1) These observations are easily, grasped after what
has been said in the explanation of the proceeding definition (cf. also
[xiii] note).
[De.VIII] Inclination (propensio) is pleasure, accompanied
by the idea of something which is accidentally a
cause of pleasure.
[De.IX] Aversion (aversio) is pain, accompanied by the idea
of something which is accidentally the cause of pain
(cf. [xv] note).
[De.X] Devotion is love towards one whom we admire (admiratio),
[wonder at].
Explanation.- (E10:1) Wonder (admiratio) arises (as we have shown,
[lii] ) from the novelty of a thing. (2) If, therefore, it
happens that the object of our wonder is often conceived by us,
we shall cease to wonder at it; thus we see, that the emotion of
devotion readily degenerates into simple love.
[De.XI] Derision is pleasure arising from our conceiving the
presence of a quality, which we despise, in an object
which we hate.
Explanation.- (E11:1) In so far as we despise a thing which we hate,
we deny existence thereof ([lii] note), and to that extent rejoice
([xx] ). (2) But since we assume that man hates that which he
derides, it follows that the pleasure in question is not without alloy
(cf. [xlvii] note).
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